The business environment from 2020 to 2024, marked by the COVID-19 pandemic, digital transformation, and strengthened ESG regulations, has dismantled industry boundaries, positioning inter-industry convergence as a critical driver of corporate competitiveness. This study aims to identify the success factors of inter-industry convergence strategies from a value chain perspective and empirically validate them across ICT, manufacturing, bio-health, content, and logistics industries. The impacts of digital technology adoption, value chain modularity and standardization, ESG sensitivity, network density and collaboration experience, and convergence strategy capability on the realization of convergence strategies were analyzed. Using data of 200 firms, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling confirmed high reliability and validity for all variables, with digital technology adoption and convergence strategy capability exerting the most significant influence on convergence success. ESG sensitivity and network density showed differentiated contributions across industries. This study suggests that firms should leverage digital technologies and collaboration networks to strengthen convergence strategies and build sustainable value chains aligned with ESG standards. Practically, ICT firms should prioritize AI and IoT technologies, while bio-health firms should focus on ESG-driven innovation. Policy-wise, support systems to foster inter-industry collaboration are essential.